Abstract
The mechanism of action of the intrauterine contraceptive device is still poorly understood. Endocrine studies were carried along with basal body temperature, serial vaginal smears, and endometrial biopsies in 4 normal menstruating females of reproductive age during one menstrual cycle prior to insertion of the IUCD. The studies were repeated in a total of six cycles with the IUCD in place. The endocrine data indicated that ovulation took place in all six cycles studied after the insertion of the IUCD. The luteal phase was shortened in four out of six cycles. The urinary pregnanediol values were lower in all six cycles studied after the insertion of the IUCD and urinary estrogens were lower in three out of the six cycles. If substantiated by a larger series, these changes in the levels of urinary estrogens or pregnanediol after insertion of the IUCD might give a further insight in the understanding of the mechanism of action of the IUCD.
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