Uricase based amperometric biosensor improved by AuNPs-TiS2 nanocomposites for uric acid determination

Abstract

In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a zero-dimensional nanomaterial and TiS2 nanosheets as a two-dimensional material and their composite were prepared and characterized. These AuNPs-TiS2 nanocomposites interacted with uricase enzyme and Nafion™ and used to modify the working electrode of the Screen-Printed Electrode (SPE). This prepared nanocomposite modified biosensor was used for the determination of uric acid. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) photos of the resulting nanocomposite showed that AuNPs were dispersed into TiS2 nanosheets without aggregation. It was observed that the enzyme biosensor with the composite modification offered a wide measurement range (5–2000 µM) and exhibited low LOD (0.18 µM). The prepared uric acid biosensor has high sensitivity, low Km value, and fascinating storage stability. This uric acid biosensor showed high selectivity towards uric acid in the presence of urea, L-cysteine, glucose, and ascorbic acid. Additionally, this biosensor was successfully used for the determination of uric acid in commercial human serum with high recovery. This study revealed that the use of nanocomposites in biosensor design will yield impressive results.