Abstract
BackgroundAssociation between hyperuricaemia and chronic kidney disease has been studied widely, but the influence of uric acid on the kidneys remains controversial. We aimed to summarize the association between uric acid and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and to evaluate the role of uric acid in DKD.MethodsWe enrolled 3,212 type 2 diabetic patients in a cross-sectional study. The patients’ basic characteristics (sex, age, BMI, duration of disease, and blood pressure) and chemical parameters (triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), microalbuminuria, creatinine, and uric acid) were recorded, and the association between uric acid and DKD was evaluated.ResultsIn the 3,212 diabetic patients, the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease was higher in hyperuricaemic patients than in patients with normouricaemia (68.3% vs 41.5%). The prevalence of DKD increased with increasing uric acid (p <0.0001). Logistic analysis identified uric acid as an independent predictor of DKD (p <0.0001; adjusted OR (95%CI) = 1.005 (1.004–1.007), p <0.0001). Uric acid was positively correlated with albuminuria and creatinine levels (p<0.0001) but negatively correlated with eGFR (p<0.0001) after adjusting for confounding factors.ConclusionsHyperuricaemia is a risk factor for DKD. Serum uric acid levels within the high-normal range are independently associated with DKD.
Highlights
Serum uric acid is the end product of purine degradation in humans and great apes, in whom uricase expression disappeared during evolution
Uric acid was positively correlated with albuminuria and creatinine levels (p
Serum uric acid levels within the high-normal range are independently associated with Diabetic kidney disease (DKD)
Summary
Serum uric acid is the end product of purine degradation in humans and great apes, in whom uricase expression disappeared during evolution. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease in many countries [9] and has become a worldwide burden, prompting investigations into the factors, notably uric acid, related to the onset and progression of DKD [10]. Both animal [7] and human [11] studies have suggested that hyperuricaemia can induce hyalinosis and wall thickening of kidney preglomerular arterioles and can promote the progression of chronic kidney disease by regulating glomerular haemodynamics. We aimed to summarize the association between uric acid and diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and to evaluate the role of uric acid in DKD
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