Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the mechanism for settling disputes in the Constitutional Court containing elements of constitutional complaint. In particular, this study focused on two things: first assessing the urgency/ importance of the idea of setting constitutional complaint in the Constitutional Court's authority. Secondly, to formulate recommendations on setting constitutional complaint in the Constitutional Court's authority. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. This type of research is a doctrinal law. This research studied the concept and implementation of the judicial settlement of cases that contain elements of constitutional complaint (complaint constitution) by the Constitutional Court. The conclusion of this study is an important constitutional complaint mechanism is contained within the competence of the Constitutional Court to solve problems of injustice experienced by citizens as a result of public policies undertaken by the government in a broad sense, namely the executive, legislature and judiciary. Setting constitutional complaint within the competence of the Constitutional Court does not have to be explicitly stipulated in the constitution, but enough in the explanation of the Constitutional Court Act. That is not to add direct authority of the Court, but expand the meaning of the authority of the Court in testing the law.
Highlights
The conclusion of this study is an important constitutional complaint mechanism is contained within the competence of the Constitutional Court to solve problems of injustice experienced by citizens as a result of public policies undertaken by the government in a broad sense, namely the executive, legislature and judiciary
Setting constitutional complaint within the competence of the Constitutional Court does not have to be explicitly stipulated in the constitution, but enough in the explanation of the Constitutional Court Act
Konstitusi dan Hukum dalam Kontroversi Isu. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada
Summary
Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi diatur dalam Pasal 24C ayat (1) UndangUndang Dasar 1945 yang berbunyi “Mahkamah Konstitusi berwenang mengadili pada tingkat pertama dan terakhir yang putusannya bersifat final untuk menguji undang-undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar, memutus sengketa kewenangan lembaga negara yang kewenangannya diberikan oleh Undang-Undang Dasar, memutus pem-bubaran partai politik dan memutus perselisihan tentang hasil pemilihan umum”. Mekanisme constitutional complaint atau dalam bahasa Jerman disebut verfas-sungsbeschwerde merupakan hak yang dimiliki oleh setiap orang atau kelompok tertentu untuk melakukan pernyataan sikap tidak setuju atau menolak terhadap per-lakuan pemerintah terhadapnya. Terdapat hal mendasar yang masih mengganjal dibenak pencari keadilan, yaitu belum terbukanya fungsi Mahkamah Konstitusi selaku lembaga yang dapat me-nampung dan menyalurkan keluh kesah (personal grievance) atau pengaduan konsti-tusional sebagai upaya yang luar biasa dalam mempertahankan hak-hak konsti-tusional bagi setiap warga negara, atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah constitutional complaint (Aditya, 2014: 39). Begitu pula ke Mahkamah Agung, tidak terdapat kewenangan MA untuk menguji produk hukum berupa SKB, sebab SKB bukan bagian dari peraturan perundang-undangan yang dapat diuji oleh MA, sebagaiamana tercantum dalam hierarki perundang-undangan yang diatur Undangundang No 12 tahun 2011. Penulis tertarik untuk meneliti permasalahan ini dan mencari solusi dengan mengkaitkan fungsi Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai the guardian of constitution (pengawal konstitusi) dan the protector of the citizent’s constitutional rights (pelindung hak konstitusional warga Negara)
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