Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-most common cancer in men. Recent researches indicate that prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) is highly specific for the early screening of PCa. However, conventional techniques for PCA3 detection still remain significant challenges, including complex purification process, long detection time and poor sensitivity. Herein, we present urease-powered Janus nanomotors (JUNMs) to assist the nucleic-acid probe for sensitive urine analysis of prostate cancer (PCa)-related PCA3 and precise in situ imaging of PCa cells. The nanoprobes were synthesized by immobilizing urease and hairpin DNA asymmetrically on the Janus Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles (JUNMs-hDNA). JUNMs-hDNA nanomotors exhibited active motion in the presence of urea to efficiently recognize and capture the PCA3. As a result, the nanoprobes revealed a good linear relationship to PCA3 in the range of 1-100 pM. The total detection time was within 11minutes with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.6 pM. Subsequently, JUNMs-hDNA nanoprobes have also been successfully applied in the detection of PCA3 in human urine samples. In addition, the JUNMs-hDNA nanoprobes also effectively captured PCa cells and enabled fluorescence imaging, which provided a highly sensitive sensing and imaging platform for PCA3 in body fluids and cellular level. Thus, this strategy offers a new perspective and approach for early, non-invasive and precise clinical diagnosis of PCa.
Published Version
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