Urea and Tannin in multiple supplements: Ingestive behavior of grazing beef cattle

Hellen Patricia De Oliveira Araujo,Luana Barros Pereira,Ronyatta Weich Teobaldo,Hariany Ferreira Martello,Lays Martins Mora,Nelcino Francisco De Paula,Jean Kaique Valentim,Hellen Cristina Ferreira Antunes

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.47607

Abstract

This work was carried out to evaluate the inclusion of urea and tannin in multiple supplements on ingestive behavior of cattle in pasture. The experiment was taken in the Cattle Nutrition pasture of the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, in 4 x 4 Latin square design with a factorial arrangement 2 x 2 (with and without urea and with and without tannin). Four Nellore bulls were used, with average weight of 470 kg and an average age of 20 months, randomly divided in: Supplement without urea and without tannin, Supplement without urea and with tannin, supplement with urea and without tannin, and supplement with urea and with tannin. The level of supplementation used was 1% of body weight during the dry period of the year. The experiment lasted 80 days in total, divided into four periods of 20 days each and every where, the 14 first days were intended for the adaptation of animals to the add-in and the 6 days left to collect samples. Bulls were visually observed for two days during 12 consecutive hours, morning and evening shifts recital. The variables studied were: grazing time, idle time, time of rumination, length of stay in the trough and length of stay at a watering hole.The inclusion of urea to cattle supplement in grazing reduced the grazing time and increased time spent in the trough. The addition of tannin did not influence ingestive behavior.

Highlights

The forage grasses for Brazilian beef cattle herd are the main source of nutrients for the animals throughout the year (Moreira et al, 2004b; Paula et al, 2010)
In order to overcome forage protein deficiency during the annual dry period, according Possamai et al (2017) it requires the use of technologies that aims to strengthen beef cattle raising by intensifying meat production, developing strategies that goes from breeding termination, improving zootechnical indexes of this sector
The urea, as well as the source of ammoniacal nitrogen for the microorganisms present in the rumen, can act as a supplementing agent controlling due to its palatability (Malafaia, Cabral, Vieira, Costa, & Carvalho, 2003)

Summary

Introduction

The forage grasses for Brazilian beef cattle herd are the main source of nutrients for the animals throughout the year (Moreira et al, 2004b; Paula et al, 2010). In order to overcome forage protein deficiency during the annual dry period, according Possamai et al (2017) it requires the use of technologies that aims to strengthen beef cattle raising by intensifying meat production, developing strategies that goes from breeding termination, improving zootechnical indexes of this sector. Urea is a source of non-protein nitrogen, being an alternative mainly in the dry period of the year, and can be supplied associated with mineral salt, multiple mixtures and concentrate (Neumann et al, 2018). It is a simple technology and accessible to the producer, being a source of low cost nitrogen implantation. Rumen manipulation via substances introduced into feed, or naturally present in feeds, has offered alternatives to increase the efficiency of diets consumed by ruminants (Fugita et al, 2018; Valero et al, 2016; Valero et al, 2014)

Objectives

Methods

Results