Abstract
Assuring safer and sustainable development in seismic prone areas requires predictive measurements, i.e., hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment. This research aims to assess urban vulnerability due to seismic hazard through a risk based spatial plan. The idea is to indicate current and future potential losses due to specified hazards with given spatial and temporal units. Herein, urban vulnerability refers to the classic separation between social and physical vulnerability assessments. The research area covers six sub-districts in Bantul, Indonesia. It experienced 6.2 Mw earthquakes on May, 27th, 2006 and suffered a death toll of 5700, economic losses of up to 3.1 billion US$ and damage to nearly 80% of a 508 km2 area. The research area experienced the following regional issues: (1) seismic hazard; (2) rapid land conversion and (3) domination of low-income group. This research employs spatial multi criteria evaluations (SMCE) for social vulnerability (SMCE-SV) and for physical vulnerability (SMCE-PV). The research reveals that (1) SMCE-SV and SMCE-PV are empirically possible to indicate the urban vulnerability indices; and (2) integrating the urban vulnerability assessment into a spatial plan requires strategic, technical, substantial and procedural integration. In summary, without adequate knowledge and political support, any manifestation towards safer and sustainable development will remain meager and haphazard.
Highlights
Assuring safer and sustainable development has been under intense debate, especially in areas prone to hazards due to natural disasters
A natural-technological disaster is a result of an unsustainable development combined with an ambiguous cultural reaction to balance the natural, economic and social setting [1]
This article argues that preventive measurements i.e., risk-based spatial plan, building code regulation and other measurement have become critical to reduce future impact of natural disasters
Summary
Assuring safer and sustainable development has been under intense debate, especially in areas prone to hazards due to natural disasters. A natural-technological disaster is a result of an unsustainable development combined with an ambiguous cultural reaction to balance the natural, economic and social setting [1]. This article argues that preventive measurements i.e., risk-based spatial plan, building code regulation and other measurement have become critical to reduce future impact of natural disasters. Such planning keeps people and their properties away from hazardous areas [1]. Some people have been residing in hazardous areas and have become reluctant to move due to social and economic reasons
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