Abstract

Rapid increase in urban population has been observed in Indian subcontinent during recent decades. The recent data shows that level of urbanization in India has increased from 27.81 % in 2001 to 31.16 % in 2011. About 34 % of urban growth has been observed only between 2001 (286 million) and 2011 (377 million). Substantial increases in urban population throughout the country have placed heavy demands on urban transport systems and personal vehicles. With this increment, road transport became a major source of air pollution in Indian urban agglomeration. For better understanding of current status of urban infrastructures and its associated impacts, there is always need to update and review of each sector for policy implementation. Current chapter attempts to highlight the recent scenario of Indian road transportation sectors and its impact on local and regional air quality and public health.

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