Abstract
Urban water management involves urban water supply (import, treatment and distribution of water), urban wastewater management (collection, treatment and disposal of urban sewage) and urban storm water management. Declining groundwater tables, polluted and declining sources of water, water scarcity in urban areas, unsatisfactory urban water supply and sanitation situation, pollution of receiving water bodies (including the ground water), and urban floods have become the concerns and issues of sustainable urban water management. This paper proposes a model for urban stormwater and sewage management which addresses these concerns and issues of sustainable urban water management. This model proposes segregation of the sewage into black water and greywater, and urban sub-watershed level stormwater-greywater management systems. During dry weather this system will be handling only the greywater and making the latter available as reclaimed water for reuse in place of the fresh water supply. During wet weather, the system will be taking care of (collection and treatment) both the storm water and the greywater, and the excess of the treated water will be disposed off through groundwater recharging. Application of this model in the Patiala city, Punjab, INDIA for selected urban sub-watersheds has been tried. Information and background data required for the conceptualization and design of the sub-watershed level urban stormwater-greywater management system was collected and the system has been designed for one of the sub-watersheds in the Patiala city. In this paper, the model for sustainable urban water management and the design of the Sub-watershed level Urban Stormwater-Greywater Management System are described.
Highlights
Urbanization directly impacts water quantity and quality owing to construction of urban infrastructure and changes in landscape and runoff conveyance networks [1, 2]
* Corresponding author: amarpreetsingh.arora@marwadieducation.edu.in stormwater management should be an integral part of sustainable urban water management with focus on localized or decentralized collection, treatment and disposal of the stormwater may be through, reuse and groundwater recharging. This should be done without causing urban floods and pollution of urban groundwater resources
This paper proposes an integrated model for the recycling of both wastewater and urban stormwater as both stormwater and greywater are usually of better quality than untreated sewage or industrial discharge [13] and as such has better public acceptance for utilisation
Summary
Urbanization directly impacts water quantity and quality owing to construction of urban infrastructure and changes in landscape and runoff conveyance networks [1, 2]. The increased percentage of impervious surfaces lead to increased runoff volumes, whilst a variety of anthropogenic activities produce a range of pollutants such as nutrients, solids and organic matter, which accumulate on catchment surfaces [3,4,5,6,7,8] As a result, both hydrologic and water quality characteristics are significantly affected [9,10,11,12]. The stormwater management should be an integral part of sustainable urban water management with focus on localized or decentralized collection, treatment and disposal of the stormwater may be through, reuse and groundwater recharging This should be done without causing urban floods and pollution of urban groundwater resources.
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