Urban Resilience Assessment Using Hybrid MCDM Model Based on DEMATEL-ANP Method (DANP)

Abstract

Resilience is an essential strategy for building the capacity of communities and cities. There have been many changes in attitudes toward hazards. In effect, the global community's perspective has shifted from focusing on reducing vulnerability to enhancing resilience in times of crisis. This study used a GIS-based DANP model to study the resilience of districts in Tehran to hazards. First, the criteria affecting resilience are selected according to four dimensions (environmental, socioeconomic, physical and institutional) using the Delphi method. After two rounds of selection, 11 criteria included disasters and natural disasters, water resources, environmental pollution, topography, urban infrastructure, land use, green space, employment rate, population and education, health status, and insurance coverage were selected. Then, a DEMATEL model followed by ANP was applied to determine the internal relationship between the criteria. Then, GIS overlay was performed to provide visual output. The DEMATEL results show that disasters and disasters in terms of environment, urban infrastructure in terms of physical aspects and employment rate in terms of socio-economic aspects are the most important criteria affecting the ability to urban resilience. In addition, 54.7% of the total urban area is classified into very low to moderate resilience categories, which need special attention. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that the sub-criteria of the vulnerability of critical infrastructures in the event of earthquake and the vulnerability of structures to an earthquake have the highest rate of change, which will definitely have a greater impact on the results of resilience. Moreover, the sub-criteria of the number of educational centers and life expectancy have the lowest change rates. This research provides new perspectives to help urban planners understand the causal relationship between dimensions and criteria, to better understand resilience.