Abstract
With the increasingly rapid growth of urbanization and climate change, urban rainfall monitoring as well as urban waterlogging has widely been paid attention. In the light of conventional siting selection methods do not take into consideration of geographic surroundings and spatial-temporal scale for the urban rain gauge site selection, this paper primarily aims at finding the appropriate siting selection rules and methods for rain gauge in urban area. Additionally, for optimization gauge location, a spatial decision support system (DSS) aided by geographical information system (GIS) has been developed. In terms of a series of criteria, the rain gauge optimal site-search problem can be addressed by a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA). A series of spatial analytical techniques are required for MCDA to identify the prospective sites. With the platform of GIS, using spatial kernel density analysis can reflect the population density; GIS buffer analysis is used to optimize the location with the rain gauge signal transmission character. Experiment results show that the rules and the proposed method are proper for the rain gauge site selection in urban areas, which is significant for the siting selection of urban hydrological facilities and infrastructure, such as water gauge.
Highlights
Rainfall is regarded as an available variable for the domain in ecology, health and disease, climatology, meteorology, hydrology and so forth (Dyras et al, 2003).In view of the heavy rain strong influence on the metropolis in many aspects, such as traffic, environment, personal and social safety as well as the municipal infrastructure construction, it is of great significance to generate homologous strategies for the normal and safe operation in cities
This paper aims at small-scale city area to determine site selection conditions as following: a) The “ideal” rain gauge location should be located in an open and flat area, with a considerable distance from objects, such as buildings, trees will not Annual Precipitation(mm) Distance to Road(m) Distance to Substation(m) Distance to Highvoltage Wire(m)
The success of long-term rainfall monitoring with gauges depends on optimal siting of the rain gauges relative to a set of criteria
Summary
Rainfall is regarded as an available variable for the domain in ecology, health and disease, climatology, meteorology, hydrology and so forth (Dyras et al, 2003).In view of the heavy rain strong influence on the metropolis in many aspects, such as traffic, environment, personal and social safety as well as the municipal infrastructure construction, it is of great significance to generate homologous strategies for the normal and safe operation in cities. A proper method should be sought to further address the impact of urban rainfall monitoring by design dense rain gauge network which can achieve accurately predicting rainfall. A common approach in meteorology is to combine rainfall estimation with rain gauge-radar (García-Pintado et al, 2009; Haberlandt, 2007). This method can get a more precise value, which owns some important reference values for water resource management, analysis of spatial-temporal characters in drought and flood disaster management. The accuracy of precipitation is closely associated with the rain gauge density and distribution. Shaghaghian considered the conditions of rain gauge deployment, combining geostatistics and multivariate analysis
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