Abstract
Jordanian cities witnessed a rapid growth in population in recent years which affected their urban fabric to large extent. This population growth whether natural, or compulsory-through migration from neighboring countries due to wars and political conditions or internal migration from rural communities to large cities like Amman, Irbid and Zarqa-led to awareness of strong need to assess the current planning strategies implemented in these cities and how suitable and responsive they are to these developments. The study aims to shed light on the methods used in urban planning in Jordanian cities and the response of this method to population growth in Jordanian cities through its ability to interact with urban problems. This rapid urbanization growth led to some urban organizational problems in Jordanian cities demonstrated best in increasing pressure on public services and infrastructure in these cities which shows clearly stagnation of planning ideas of officials and decision-makers, more over it showed the inability of officials to solve these problems or adopt more contemporary strategies taking into consideration the uniqueness of characteristics for each city. The study aims to shed light on the methods used in urban planning in Jordanian cities and the response of this method to population growth in Jordanian cities through its ability to interact with urban problems.
Highlights
All towns in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan grew as large villages more than small cities and afterwards developed in two ways: a step by step expansion due to local population growth, or a sudden indiscriminate expansion, affected by several political, social and economic factors
The second case is best described by Architect Tukan when he speaks about Amman city growth "the growth of Amman city, came of sudden convulsion caused by political factors in the region, led to the unexpected population explosion (Tukan, 1995)
A law was issued giving municipalities the authority over development of cities and villages, planning wise. This first law for Organization of Municipalities was issued in the era of the Emirate of east Jordan as "municipalities affairs organization law" in 1925, which was valid until another law was issued "Municipalities law No (9)" 1938, later in 1955 a newer law was issued: the law of organization of the cities, villages and buildings No (29) For the year 1955, which caused a qualitative change in the affairs of municipalities at that time and in a Temporary Law No (79) (1966) was issued and called: the law of organization of cities, villages and buildings (Togoz, 2007)
Summary
All towns in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan grew as large villages more than small cities and afterwards developed in two ways: a step by step expansion due to local population growth, or a sudden indiscriminate expansion, affected by several political, social and economic factors. The second case is best described by Architect Tukan when he speaks about Amman city growth "the growth of Amman city, came of sudden convulsion caused by political factors in the region, led to the unexpected population explosion (Tukan, 1995) Both kinds of development raised the need for legislations to control accelerating cities expansion in the kingdom. "Building cities is a decision taken when nations reach the luxury to provide a safe and easy use of its facilities with a fresh air circulation to avoid sickness (Ibrahim, 2006) In this quotation Ibn Khaldoun stresses the importance of the pre-planning of the cities, starting with choosing a suitable place that can provide all essential necessities of human life at any time. Technol., 7(20): 4275-4280, 2014 implement master plans according to the “Law of Regulating Cities and Villages"
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