Urban planning for low-income groups with developed optimization models

Abstract

This article presents a methodology and new technique for residential land planning for low-income groups. Several unit design modules for the residential area are suggested and a cost optimization model for obtaining the optimum physical design of one module satisfying the geometric, density, and other constraints has been formulated as a non-linear programming problem. The solution came through a relatively simplified Focus Search and Monte-Carlo Simulation techniques. A second model for the optimal design of the dwelling-layout has been developed with an objective function of maximization of lot dimensions and satisfying some constraints, most important of which is the affordability for low-income groups. The optimum design, based on this model, came by using the relatively simple computer-based Focus Search technique. A practical application of the two models for Syria is illustrated by an example about obtaining a residential neighborhood from several planning modules combined together. A case study revealed how a planner, can achieve directly the desired feasible and optimal design solutions, depending on these new planning techniques.