Abstract
Agricultural lands occupy a special place in the structure of urban lands. There are horticultural and gardening associations on these lands. The “belts” of horticultural associations surround large cities and small settlements; dachas and vegetable gardens play the role of individual subsidiary farms and recreation areas. In Russia, the area of such lands is about 1.5 million hectares; in the Orenburg region - 18.7 thousand hectares. Studies show that horticultural ecosystems differ significantly from the adjacent urban and agricultural ecosystems in terms of the characteristics of soil and plant cover. The reason for this is private investment in the development of these territories, which needs to be managed. For the consistent development of these socio-ecological systems (SES), it is necessary to implement a soft management system. The purpose of creating and supporting of socio-ecological systems in the agricultural use zone and suburbs is the formation of a sustainable complex of natural and social conditions for gardening and recreation of residents; optimization of the belt of lands separating the city from agricultural land to reduce the impact of adverse environmental factors on urban ecosystems (wind restriction, fire safety, pests, etc.); use of these lands as carbon polygons for capturing and retaining of carbon dioxide.
Highlights
Urban settlements are a special socio-economic phenomenon; their role in the formation of economic space, transport networks, and the demographic situation in the country is constantly growing due to the global spread of urbanization processes
The continued growth of cities and the addition of new territories to them leads to an increase in the anthropogenic load on urban and suburban ecosystems
The “belts” of horticultural associations surround large cities and small settlements; dachas and vegetable gardens play the role of individual subsidiary farms and recreation areas [7]
Summary
Urban settlements are a special socio-economic phenomenon; their role in the formation of economic space, transport networks, and the demographic situation in the country is constantly growing due to the global spread of urbanization processes. The attractiveness of cities for residents of small settlements leads to migration to cities and the emergence of an imbalance between urban and rural territories in terms of population size and structure. Along with the industrial zone, the development zone, the recreational zone, there is an agricultural use zone. Most often, these territories were related agricultural lands and belonged to the suburbs, and later entered the city limits with the preservation of some of the functional features – gardening and horticulture is carried out on these lands within the existing horticultural non-profit partnerships (HNP) [14, 15]. The “belts” of horticultural associations surround large cities and small settlements; dachas and vegetable gardens play the role of individual subsidiary farms and recreation areas [7]
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