Abstract
Cities keep growing, and in most of the cases this expansion process is hard to model and describe for planning actions. Quantitative methods are increasingly used to help planning, monitoring, and regulating urban land-use processes. Remote sensing images series are making possible different types of spatial-temporal analysis of the Earth surface. Surface albedo is a remote sensing product acquired in a long series of satellite images such as Landsat (more than 40 years of observation). Those analyses allow measuring waterproofed areas for urban drainage studies, as well as monitoring urban spreading patterns, growth vectors, and issues related to comfort and environmental quality, as well as about land use and land-use planning (directives for master plans) among others. This article shows the direct applicability of surface albedo changes as an indicator of urban land-cover changes. The current study analyzed the urban area of Petrolina County (PE) in the following periods: 2001 and 2006, 2006 and 2011, and 2011 and 2017. Such analysis uses the surface albedo variation along the time and results showed a strong correlation between increased surface albedo and urban expansion. Besides, it enabled to observe the relation between the high urban growth in the 2011-2017 period and the urban spot expansion by 14% (approximately 590 thousand square meters of territorial extension). The Urban development stood out in the Northern and Southwestern regions of Petrolina County.
Highlights
The present study suggests the use of surface albedo as an excellent remote sensing indicator of the urban expansion and changes on the urban land cover based on its variations for different time intervals
The urban growth/densification map per period is mapped by the albedo variations map
The period between 2011 and 2017 was the one presenting the highest urban growth rate, which was equivalent to an area of approximately 590 thousand square meters
Summary
The space-time analysis applied to urban expansion is essential and necessary to plan urban infrastructures and land-use policies (Shafizadeh-Moghadam, Asghari, Tayyebi, & Taleai, 2017), as well as to identify critical points affecting urban areas such as heat islands increasingly found in urban spaces. In Brazil, studies by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change indicate that Climate changes impact a large part of the Brazilian population on its health, water resources, infrastructures, coastal zones, forests, and biodiversity, as well as the economic sectors. These changes impose great challenges and opportunities for better planning, especially for urban areas where most of the population lives (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC], 2014)
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