Abstract
Urbanization is the renovation of rural society into an urban society as a result of socio-economic and political growth leading to foundation and expansion of urban agglomerations along with changing land use patterns. The main aims of this study was Investigating the extent of vegetation loss through urban expansion in and around Jimma Town over a 30 period of 6 years interval by using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. To achieve this objectives, Data was obtained from earth explorer (USGS) 6 years interval from1990 to 2020 of the study area. Downloaded image were extracted and each layer stacked together using the digital image-processing software ENVI 5.2. The Processed images were classified using supervised classification Algorithms into 5 hierarchical classes; Built-up area, Vegetation, Agricultural land, Grass land, and wetlands based on a modified classification scheme. Change analysis was also undertaken by applying post-classification change detection procedures. Accuracy of the image classification was assessed using error matrix, overall accuracy and kappa coefficient. The change analysis result revealed that the LULC have shown both positive and negative significant changes. Built-up were the top LULC that experienced positive change; whereas grass land, vegetation, agricultural land and wetlands have substantially declined. An important implication of the observed changes is that rapid urban expansion, compounded by poor urban planning is leading to enormous losses of key ecosystems such as wetlands and natural vegetation. The consequence of this rapid ecological degradation could potentially impact ecological functioning and environmental sustainability in and around Jimma city. Therefore, critical system thinking is required to address these complex problems in the study area and areas of rapid urbanization elsewhere in the country. Keywords : Image classification, Land use/cover, Remote sensing, GIS, Change detection DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-16-02 Publication date: June 30 th 2021
Highlights
IntroductionBack ground Urbanization is the spatial concentration of people and economic activity
It can be defined as the transformation of rural society into an urban society as a result of socio-economic and political growth leading to formation and expansion of urban agglomerations and city centres along with changing land use patterns
The result of the study has revealed that, the rapid expansion of Jimma city coupled with fast demographic change and high demand for urban land has resulted in drastic changes in key ecosystems including natural forest, grasslands and wetlands
Summary
Back ground Urbanization is the spatial concentration of people and economic activity. Has grown proportionally to the growing rate of the urban population This causes cities to be experiencing increasing signs of environmental stress, notably in the form of poor air quality, excessive noise and traffic congestion (Tirziu, 2020). The loss of this natural vegetation has great implications such as destruction of wildlife habitat, depreciation or outright wiping off of genetic pools, loss of food and medicinal herbs, promotion of desertification and drought among others and the building up of greenhouse gasses. The study recognizes that urbanization often is inevitable and parts of the process are irreversible
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