Abstract
The urban ecological civilization construction relates to welfare of the people and the national future. It is an important field of the high-quality economic development to improve the urban ecological efficiency level. The purpose of this research is to provide a new perspective and method for the quantitative study of the urban sustainable development, and also to provide some decision-making references for the improvement of the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province. This paper uses the slacks-based measure-data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model containing the undesirable output and the Malmquist index model to fully evaluate the urban ecological efficiency level in Henan province during the period of 2005–2016, via both the static and dynamic analysis. Based on this, the bootstrap regression model is applied in analyzing the influencing factors of the urban ecological efficiency. The research shows three findings. First, according to the static efficiency analysis, the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province is low as a whole and has a big promotion space. Moreover, there is a significant difference in the urban ecological efficiency level among the five regions because of the different geographical locations and social and economic development situations of the cities. Second, according to the dynamic efficiency analysis, in the last 12 years, the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province has shown an overall growth trend, and the technological progress has played a major role in promoting the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province. Third, according to the influencing factor analysis, the governmental financial support hinders the improvement of the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province, while the level of opening to the outside world, the urban population density, and the urban greening level promote it.
Highlights
China’s economy has been maintaining a long period of high-speed development since the reform and opening up in 1978
Thereinto, the governmental financial support has a negative impact on the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province; the level of opening to the outside world, the urban population density, and the urban greening level have a positive impact on the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province
The economic scale has a positive impact on the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province, and the industrial structure has a negative impact on the urban ecological efficiency in Henan province, but the significance of the two is not obvious
Summary
China’s economy has been maintaining a long period of high-speed development since the reform and opening up in 1978. According to the expectation of the high-speed economic development, the resource and environment pressure in China will inevitably further increase under the present development mode. This will lead to a great challenge of how China’s economy will coordinate the economic development speed and the ecological environment quality in the future. The haze weather has frequently appeared in many cities of China in recent years, and the ecological civilization index of China ranks the bottom third in the world [1] This reality has even sounded an alarm bell to the urban ecological environment control. The 19th national congress of the Communist Party of China continued emphasizing the importance of the ecological civilization construction and put forward the idea that clear water and green mountains are as good as mountains of gold and silver, as well as the development goal of building a beautiful China
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