URBAN DAILY LIFE IN ENGLAND ACCORDING TO THE MIDDLE ENGLISH FABLIAUX OF THE XIIITH CENT

Abstract

The period the High Middle Ages was a basic in the process European urbanization. During this time there was the formation a new way life in Europe and England. This way life was most attractive. That is why the most people in the world now lives in cities. The British were the first urban nation. In medieval England we can investigate the characteristic features everyday life urban residents through original sources. Since the High Middle Ages until now remained only three anonymous works urban literature England High Middle Ages written in Middle English language – Siriz, Of the Fox and the Wolf and Land Cockayne. The earliest among Middle English fabliau is Land Cockayne. It is conserved in a single copy, which is now found in the British Library (manuscript Harley 913, between 1250 and 1315). In the story we can separate four parts: comparison with the Christian Paradise; describing the country and the abbey there; the flights monks and their shameful life; an instruction how get this paradise. A very valuable resource, which is analyzed in this article, is Sirith. The manuscript the fabliau is Digby 86 the Bodleian library in Oxford (dates the second half the thirteenth century). 450 lines the poetic text narrating the adventures Wilekin in attaining love Margery, a wife a merchant. This ability Dame Siriz (neither fortune-teller, nor simply smart women) helps the hero. The fabliau Of the Fox and the Wolf was widely known in medieval England (written in second half the thirteenth century). It was the English version the story Fox Renard. The manuscript the humorous story is the same as the Siriz. Studying the Middle fabliaux XIII century we discover a number problems relating the everyday life townspeople High Middle England. The features the chronotope everyday life English cities during the period were accuracy and wellregulation life. The locations scenes in the middle English fabliaux are clear for audience, there are no necessary characterize it. Detailing the places leads confusion in the Land Cockayne. Cities include the suburbs – the abode monks, the outskirts the forest, suburban roads, rivers and so on. There are no description the walls the city. The urban area is a part the nature. Important elements the the city was churches, cathedrals. It were described in fabliaux very vividly. In the vernacular fabliaux timeframes are conventional: nizt and dai, to nizt, monizer, monidai, com the time, Zurstendai and others. Calculating the time was designated by a bell. The level material culture the town-livers Medieval Albion very high. The house is very comfortable one. The daily life was concentrated around the house. That is why the subject the fabliau focused around house too. Apartment divided into several areas – hall and rooms. Particular attention is paid bed in the Middle English fabliaux. Obviously they covered by textiles, which also decorated the walls. This was a way for indicate a wealth home owners, their status in society, as well as keeping a space hygiene. A characteristic feature the fabliaux is the lack or maximum brevity descriptions the characters, their clothes and so on. Obviously, the closings the heroes are clear the readers, listeners viewers fabliaux. There are the emphasis on key terms. The main features the description clothing in the Land Cockayne are the absence parasites; colors clothing are clearly associated with a particular layer; luxurious textiles, silk. Also fabliaux provide materials about nudity. Apparently these indecencies are normal, natural for medieval morality. Although these erotic phenomena in medieval literature require further analysis. The feature urban feasting the High Middle Ages in England was the introduction fast into everyday life. The Land describes of fleis, fisse, and rich met, // likfullist þat mei and þe gees, i-rostid on splitte, Fleed þat abbai, God hit wot, // And grediþ, Gees al hote, al hote! In the system feasting the English bourgeoisie in the thirteenth century we view the social hierarchy. Not all products may be available equally all people. That is why in utopia man mai þer-of et inog // Al wiþ rizt and nogt wiþ wog… Special interest medieval town-livers found in spices. And the city created the myth food paradise Cokayne land, where beþ .iiij. willis … tereacle and halwei, baum and ek piement. In general, the earliest examples Middle English fabliaux offer us a vividly picture the everyday life medieval English towns during the High Middle Ages.