Urban Congestion Pricing: Practices and Future Development

Abstract

This paper addresses the practical implementations of congestion pricing schemes adopted in urban cities for mitigating traffic congestions. A review is first provided for the practices of congestion pricing schemes established globally, which include the area licensing charge and pay-per-entry charge. Then, the methods for toll rate determination are presented. To promote the use of congestion pricing schemes, some views are finally proposed for their future development, including the distance-based charge and strategies for improving its public acceptance.