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Abstract
This paper revealed urban axis and city shape identity that influenced by its concepts and present activities issues in ‘Lan Na’ historic cities in northern Thailand. This study using space syntax technic called axial line analysis combined with GIS analysis, to examines how history geo-politic issues have influenced to its urban axis and network. Results show urban axis has highly coexisted with its city shape determined through high integrated axial lines. This city shape was, however, defined by its establishment concepts as ‘Sankh’, ‘Traiphum’ and freeform. Different shapes of urban axis have been determined by these concepts. As well as the largest public space in some ‘Lan Na’ historic cities, it directly attaches to high integrate lines that represent as urban axis core. However, depending on gradually develop influences, the function of public space in urban axis core has various types. Mostly, these spaces, have related to Buddhism religious usage or colonialism spaces. Settlement pattern using kernel analysis revealed that residents in every city settled in a tranquil area determined by space syntax. Additionally, settlement clusters adjacent to urban axis or high activities traffic. In summary, from reviewed historic cities in ‘Lan Na’, it found that this urban axis could be identified using multi-method. To enhance urban axis in historic cities, both object and subject aspect had to be revealed to apply as delicate historic conservation measures.
Highlights
Historic cities in term of historic civilisation consist of location, morphology, and physical aspect that different, correspond to its environment
The questions considered in this study are issues as follow: (1) How core axis of historic cities determined by its shape, integrate to an overall recentday urban network? (2) How public spaces related to this axis or other highly integrate lines? (3) How residents settled in these spatial networks and Is it consistent with integrated lines in the various situation of cities?
For Haripunchai historic cities consist of Lamphun, Lampang and Phrae where ‘Sankh’ concept was used to create city shape and its spatial functions and spatial configuration using space syntax analysis show a similar pattern of the urban axis
Summary
Historic cities in term of historic civilisation consist of location, morphology, and physical aspect that different, correspond to its environment They are, mostly, built with indigenous of local belief and wisdom which reflect human legacy on how its settle altogether with a traditional, economic, political and spatial aspect (Rapoport 1990). This study interpreted how the urban axis of historic cities comprise to an overall spatial configuration using space syntax combined with GIS analysis method, revealed public spaces and residents settle influenced by or for those axes. This may prove public space in historic to be useful as culturalspace-place by revealed its urban axis and city shape, simultaneously. The questions considered in this study are issues as follow: (1) How core axis of historic cities determined by its shape, integrate to an overall recentday urban network? (2) How public spaces related to this axis or other highly integrate lines? (3) How residents settled in these spatial networks and Is it consistent with integrated lines in the various situation of cities?
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