Urban Applications

Y. Yamaguchi,C. Lopez Martinez,X. Fabregas,D. Monells,R. Iglesias,J. M. Lopez Sanchez,Y. Huang,V. D. Navarro Sanchez,J. Mallorqui,E. Colin-Koeniguer,N. Trouve,L. Ferro-Famil,A. Aguasca

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56504-6_5

Abstract

AbstractThe experimental result reported in this chapter review the application of (high resolution) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to extract valuable information for monitoring urban environments in space and time. Full polarimetry is particularly useful for classification, as it allows the detection of built-up areas and to discriminate among their different types exploiting the variation of the polarimetric backscatter with the orientation, shape, and distribution of buildings and houses, and street patterns. On the other hand, polarimetric SAR data acquired in interferometric configuration can be combined for 3-D rendering through coherence optimization techniques. If multiple baselines are available, direct tomographic imaging can be employed, and polarimetry both increases separation performance and characterizes the response of each scatterer. Finally, polarimetry finds also application in differential interferometry for subsidence monitoring, for instance, by improving both the number of resolution cells in which the estimate is reliable, and the quality of these estimates.

Highlights

Cities and urban places grow fast, especially in the developing countries
It has been shown that the polarization orientation angle shifts are induced either by dihedral effects between the ground and a vertical wall that are not aligned in the along-track direction or by tilted roofs
These curves analyze the efficiency of using various input parameters and various distances between the two classes defined by the ground truth

Summary

Introduction

Cities and urban places grow fast, especially in the developing countries. As most countries rapidly become urbanized, environmental change, including climate change, is becoming a leading development challenge. 3-D imaging of a scene is achieved by the formation of an additional synthetic aperture in elevation and the coherent combination of images acquired from several parallel flight tracks using tomographic imaging This technique directly retrieves the distribution of the backscattered power in the vertical direction and may be applied to estimate forest structure, building height, or layover areas induced by strong terrain slopes or discontinuities in the imaged scene. DA criterion may not be suitable for non-urban areas, where strong pointlike scatterers are less common, or when only a small set of SAR images of the area under study is available; DA estimates may be biased To overcome these drawbacks, many techniques based on average interferometric coherence (jγj) were proposed (Mora et al 2003; Berardino et al 2002).

Methods

Results

Conclusion