Abstract
This paper describes the creative potential of Brazilian territories, including aspects pointed as cities’ comparative advantages in terms of creativity: cultural facilities, labor market and public expenditures in culture. The paper uses clustering analysis, applied to secondary data from the Brazilian Demographic Census (IBGE), Survey of Basic Municipal Information (MUNIC/IBGE) and municipal expenditures in culture from National Treasury (FINBRA). Among the six clusters which were created, three are well defined and the others are quite mixed. Cluster 1 includes the two largest and most developed cities in Brazil, S?o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Cluster 2 is composed of capitals of important states in Brazil and cities where large universities are located. We named this cluster as creative university centers. Cluster 3 comprises 99 municipalities and can be named as centers of cultural and ecological tourism.
Highlights
Amenities are an old theme in Economics, in Urban Economics
The goal of this paper is to describe the creative potential of Brazilian territories, including aspects pointed as cities’ comparative advantages in terms of creativity: existence of cultural facilities, tradition in popular celebrations, “open minds” to innovation and to different demographic groups, average schooling of the population, labor market and public expenditures in culture
Direct and indirect occupations related to the creative class
Summary
Amenities are an old theme in Economics, in Urban Economics. Amenities are understood as the set of public and private goods and services which generate positive externalities for the resident and visiting population. Until the mid-twentieth century, transportation infrastructure and water and sewage treatment systems were the most important amenities in the conformation of industrial cities. Given the occurrence of several economic transformations, and especially the process of globalization, the most valued amenities include cultural and entertainment activities. In this context, the presence of coffee shops and art galleries, parks and cultural institutions, as well as buildings of architectural importance, are all emphasized as fundamental urban amenities in the conformation of the so-called creative cities. The term creative cities comes from this concern, either because they may enhance local development by means of smallscale production based on creativity, or because they may become locus of recovery of “obsolete” spaces in large urban centers
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