Abstract
There are three main contradictions associated with urbanization: population growth and food demand, urban sprawl and production space, and production patterns and energy consumption. The pressure of urbanization has led to a mismatch between production and consumption in space and pattern. The current status and trends in urban food system planning illustrated that sustainable consumption and production were closely related to their spatial layout. The paper took a simulated sustainable food system in urban community as an example. It formulated a rational spatial planning strategy based on urban agriculture of different scales, technologies, and efficiencies, quantified productive community metrics to accommodate different scales of urban space, and wrote algorithms to develop a spatial model of a meta-cellular automaton that coupled consumer housing with productive surfaces. Finally, by comparing and optimizing the spatial patterns of multiple solutions, urban agriculture-oriented urban community planning was developed. The model was only a preliminary attempt at food system planning, but it explored the distribution patterns of housing and agriculture within a given territory in three steps: theoretical strategy-morphological simulation-planning design while meeting urban and productivity indicators. It demonstrated the feasibility of productive spaces and explored a planning strategy for urban communities that supports sustainable consumption and production.
Highlights
Urban agriculture has been in the field of architecture and planning in China for a long time, but the content directly related to food systems has been slightly delayed compared to other professions
The size and distribution needs of community food systems were influenced by the interplay of production intensity (PI), population density (D) and friendliness (F), which was reflected in spatial patterns: “locally compact or evenly dispersed” horizontally and “undulating” vertically
The tension between sustainable urban development and overstretched resource consumption called for a new sustainable food system
Summary
The Asia-Pacific region will not be able to achieve any of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, especially SDG 12—Responsible Consumption and Production, which has regressed [1]. China’s food supply and demand problems will be even greater, the conflict between urban development and agricultural land will be more acute, and the energy wasted in producing and obtaining food will be more serious. The incidence of food shortages and soaring prices are important factors in the phenomenon of social unrest, but the overexploitation of land for agriculture causes an ecological crisis. While the drivers behind these trends in food insecurity and malnutrition vary, exploring better spatial relationships in the planning of productive community food systems oriented towards urban agriculture could contribute to progress in mitigating crises, replenishing arable land, coping with shortages, shortening supply chains, and increasing the specialization and diversity of food supplies
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