URACHAL ANOMALIES IN CHILDREN (ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL LITERATURE AND OWN OBSERVATIONS)

Abstract

Currently, a significant number of publications have been accumulated on the disorders of urinary duct, urachus involution. However, the world literature data on the timing of obliteration and the frequency of urachal anomalies vary significantly, which makes it difficult to assess the risk of complications. There is also no consensus on the tactics of management of these patients. This paper analyzes 62 medical sources on the issues of urinary duct involution, disorders of its obliteration, clinical manifestations of urethral complications and treatment of related conditions. The article also presents data of our own observations of 37 patients with various urachal pathology over a ten-year observation period, including 21 (56.76%) children had umbilical fistulas, 14 (37.84%) children - urachal cysts, 2 (5.4%) patients - bladder diverticula. The data of diagnosis and treatment of children with this pathology are presented.Purpose: analysis of medical sources and own data on the diagnosis and treatment of urinary duct pathology in children, highlighting important and practically significant recommendations on problematic issues of this pathology.Conclusions.1. Urachus is an embryonic formation that connects the bladder with the allantois. According to pathological and anatomical studies, impaired obliteration of the urinary duct occurs in approximately 30% of cases.2. The presence of discharge from the umbilicus, recurrent omphalitis, the presence of a tumor-like mass of the anterior abdominal wall, symptoms of urinary tract infection should be indications for targeted examination for possible urethral pathology.3. The main methods of diagnosing the pathology of the urinary duct are ultrasound and fistulography.4. Data on the age involution of urachus, which occurs in the postnatal period, determine the need to choose the treatment tactics in childhood.