Abstract
Upwelling events analysis in southern coast of Java and Banda sea were conducted. The events were identified by using satellite data i.e. wind surface, Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and ocean color during period of 14 years (2002-2016) which calculated by Ekman pumping and Ekman transport. It’s found that Ekman pumping velocity in Banda Sea reached a maximum in June-July-August (JJA) by approximately 3,65x10 -6 . Comparing with Ekman transport, Ekman pumping makes an even greater contribution to the local upwelling in Banda Sea. Ekman pumping velocity in southern coast of Java reached a maximum in June-July-August (JJA) by approximately 4,9x10 -1 ms . Ekman pumping and Ekman transport makes an equal contribution to coastal upwelling in southern coast of Java. That’s related to highest clorophyll-a concentration apperars in JJA periode. Partial correlation analysis then was applied to identify a correlation between chlorophyll-a concentration and interannual climate variabilities such as ENSO and IOD. Partial Correlation between chlorophyll-a and Nino 3.4 and DMI-Dipole Mode Index (controlled) in Banda Sea is 0.18, and 0.05 in southercoast of Java. It’s represent ENSO (Elnino Southern Oscilation) has higher influences to Banda Sea than southern coast of Java. Partial correlation between chlorophyll-a and DMI and Nino 3.4 (controlled) is 0.55 in southern coast of Java, and 0.25 in Banda Sea. Its represent IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) has higher influences to southern coast of Java than Banda Sea. Upwelling in Banda sea and along southern coast of Java dominantly occurs in southeast monsoon as a responds to regional wind driven motion associated with the monsoon climate. Various condition of chlorophyll-a booming also occured according to combination of ENSO and IOD events. -6 -1 msKeywords: upwelling, Banda sea, southern coast of Java, Ekman transport, Ekman pumping, IOD, ENSO
Highlights
Benua Maritim Indonesia (BMI), secara geografis terletak di daerah tropis berada di antara Samudera Pasifik dan Samudera Hindia serta diantara benua Asia dan Australia
The events were identified by using satellite data
which calculated by Ekman pumping
Summary
Benua Maritim Indonesia (BMI), secara geografis terletak di daerah tropis berada di antara Samudera Pasifik dan Samudera Hindia serta diantara benua Asia dan Australia. Indonesia Trough Flow (ITF), serta sirkulasi laut-atmosfer global yang terkait dengan fenomena ENSO, IOD dan Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). Pada sektor kelautan dan perikanan, variabilitas laut-atmosfer banyak dikaji dalam kaitannya dengan distribusi konsentrasi chlorophyll-a. Purwandani (2012), variabilitas laut-atmosfer dan proses dinamika interaksi antara Monsoon, Dipole Mode (DM) dan ENSO secara simultan terhadap SPL di perairan Asia Tenggara dan sekitarnya, total keragaman terbesar pertama (mode-1) dari SPL didominasi oleh siklus tahunan muson dengan periode sebesar 12,2 bulan. Beberapa penelitian terkait sebaran chlorophyll-a dan variabilitas iklim yang telah dijelaskan diatas memberikan kontribusi pada perkembangan keilmuan iklim dan kelautan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik upwelling di Laut Banda dan Selatan Jawa, serta menganalisis hubungan antara chlorophyll-a dengan variabilitas iklim antar tahunan ENSO dan IOD. Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP-RI), sebagaimana Indonesia sebagai poros maritim
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