Abstract
Industrial and household catalysis becomes more and more dependent on enzymes. This is not surprising since enzymes are able to catalyze all kinds of chemical reactions. Enzymes with the desired activity under industrial conditions can be obtained by optimizing process conditions and by protein engineering. The use of enzymes frequently results in many benefits that cannot be obtained with traditional chemical treatment. These often include higher product quality and lower manufacturing cost, less waste and reduced energy consumption. Key factors driving the market growth include new enzyme technologies endeavoring to enhance cost efficiencies and productivity, and growing interest among consumers in substituting petrochemical products with other organic compounds such as enzymes. Other factor propelling market growth includes surging demand from textile manufacturers, animal feed producers, detergent manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, bioethanol producers and cosmetics vendors. The present paper aims to provide a review on industrial enzymes, highlighting on recent scientific advances, current applications in diverse industrial sectors and global market.
Highlights
Industrial and household catalysis becomes more and more dependent on enzymes. This is not surprising since enzymes are able to catalyze all kinds of chemical reactions
Many complicated chemical reactions can be efficiently performed by biocatalysts, industrial conditions are usually different from those in nature with respect to substrate concentrations, sheering forces, temperature and organic solvents
Enzymes with the desired activity under industrial conditions can be obtained by optimizing process conditions and by protein engineering using directed evolution [1,2,5]
Summary
Industrial and household catalysis becomes more and more dependent on enzymes. This is not surprising since enzymes are able to catalyze all kinds of chemical reactions. They catalyze reactions, which are difficult to perform by chemical methods, like the enantio-or regioselective hydrolysis or addition of chiral groups Since all of these features are generally displayed at room temperature under mostly aqueous conditions the research towards the use of biocatalysts is mainly driven by the necessity of using sustainable technologies for the production of chemicals (green routes) and complex active ingredients in a pharmaceutical and agrobiological context [2,3]. Biological catalysts are attractive for industrial purposes, because they are highly selective and efficient in substrate-to-product bioconversion, and because they tend to catalyze the production of relatively pure products, minimizing waste generation These catalysts are able to carry out regiospecific, chemospecific and estereospecific reactions that are challenging for conventional chemistries.
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