Upright time during hospitalization for older inpatients: A prospective cohort study

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine: a) how long and how frequently older hospitalized patients spend upright; b) whether duration and frequency of upright time change by time of the day, the day of the week, and during hospitalization; and c) whether these relationships differ based on the mobility level of patients at admission. This prospective cohort study included 111 patients (82.2 ± 8 years old, 52% female) from the Emergency Department and a Geriatric Assessment Unit who were at least 60 years old and had an anticipated length of stay of at least three days. The main outcomes were accelerometer-measured total upright time and number of bouts of upright time during awake hours. Patients were upright 15.9 times/day (interquartile range (IQR): 8.4-27.4) for a total of 54.2 min/day (IQR: 17.8-88.9) during awake hours. Time of day and day of week had little impact on the outcomes. Patients who walked independently at admission had 151.5 min (95% CI: 87.7-215.3) of upright time on hospital day 1 and experienced a decline of 4.5 min/day (-7.2 to-1.8). Those who needed personal mobility assistance or were bedridden had 29.5 min (-38.5-97.4) and 25 min (-48.3-100.3) of upright time on day 1, and demonstrated an increase of 3.6 (1.3-5.9) and 2.4 (0.05-4.5) min/day, respectively. Hospitalized older adults spend only 6% of their awake hours upright while in hospital. Patients who can walk independently are more active but experience a decline in their upright time during hospitalization.