Abstract
In cross-border water supplement cooperation, the supplement water discharged from upstream hydropower stations is the key to improving downstream benefits, but will lead to upstream power generation loss, so the upstream hydropower stations have to be aware of how much water they can offer and how much power they will lose to make the water supplement cooperation more reasonable. Therefore, this study puts forward a model to calculate the upper limit flow of water supplement of cascade hydropower stations under firm power constraints and water level constraints and proposes a new optimization method called the “collaborative-independent” joint optimization method to calculate the power generation loss under water supplement constraints. The results show that the upper limit flow will increase with the increase of annual inflow, and the uncertainty of the distribution of inflow in the year will also affect the upper limit flow: the larger the proportion of non-flood season inflow, the higher the upper limit flow. In normal and wet years, delaying water supplement time can significantly increase the upper limit flow by about 5% per month. Additionally, the “collaborative-independent” joint optimization method newly proposed in this paper can significantly improve the local optimization problem compared to the traditional optimization method. The power generation loss increases with the increase of water supplement flow, and delaying water supplement time can significantly reduce the power generation loss. The results of this paper can provide essential data support for future water resources cooperation negotiations in the Lancang-Mekong river basin to promote efficient and orderly water resources cooperation in the basin.
Highlights
Water supplement cooperation makes sense only when downstream benefit increment is greater than upstream losses so that the whole benefit of the basin will be improved after cooperation
The agricultural benefit increment brought by water supplement in January is greater than that in May, but the upstream loss of water supplement in January is greater than that in May, so downstream countries need to weigh the relationship among water supplement volume, and water supplement time when applying for water supplement to make sure that their benefit increment is greater than the loss of upstream (PGL) to achieve the cooperation
If the compensation that downstream countries are willing to pay is more than the loss of the upstream, the water supplement cooperation can enhance the water resources interests of the whole basin, and water supplement can ensure all countries in the basin achieve a win-win scenario; otherwise, the water supplement cooperation will be hard to achieve because the upstream countries see no benefit through the cooperation
Summary
With the continuous development and utilization of water resources globally, especially in some cross-border river basins, water resource disputes among riparian countries are emerging and becoming increasingly severe [1,2], because the riparian countries may place different demands on a cross-border river [3]. This situation can both create conflicts and provide opportunities for cooperation [4,5]. The evaluation results are challenging to be recognized by all the riparian countries, leading to few applications of this method
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