Upper Lacrimal Pathway Disorders

Abstract

The lacrimal drainage apparatus is divided into the proximal and distal sections. The proximal section includes the punctum, canaliculus, and common canaliculus. The distal lacrimal drainage system consists of the lacrimal sac and the nasolacrimal duct that finally open into the lateral nasal wall, below the inferior meatus [1–4]. Disorders of the proximal lacrimal system involving punctal or canaliculi pose more challenges in terms of management as compared to the lower lacrimal drainage system. They may be present with or without nasolacrimal duct obstruction. OCT is thus an excellent modality for assessment of proximal section of the lacriaml drainage system. Identification and managemnet of these conditins during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy is associated with a higher success rate.