Abstract
A gastric bezoar is a compact mass of indigestible foreign materials that accumulate and consolidate in the stomach; however, it can be found in other sites of the gastrointestinal tract. The causative manner of this condition is complex and multifactorial. The main purpose of the review was to raise awareness among clinicians, particularly gastroenterologists, that patients with certain risk factors or comorbid conditions are predisposed to gastric bezoar formation. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention are crucial to avoid bezoar-induced complications. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the standard diagnostic and therapeutic method for gastric bezoars. However, for large size bezoars, surgical intervention is needed.
Highlights
Bezoars are congregations or compact masses that formed by the accumulation of matter, especially nonedible materials, including high-fiber vegetable diet, hair, and certain pharmaceutical agents
The majority of gastric bezoars are associated with gastroparesis, anatomical abnormalities, and former gastric surgeries that reduced gastric motility and resulting in delayed stomach emptying [1]
A highfiber diet has many benefits and is being suggested by health care institutions. Though this suggestion is appropriate for wider consumers and especially the aged population [45], the people with previous gastric surgeries should avoid high-fiber intake because they are more likely to form gastric phytobezoars. These fibers are found in fruits and vegetables including celery, pumpkin, green beans, prunes, raisins, leeks, beets, and sunflower seed shells that are merged into a mass and most often contribute to the development of gastric bezoar [3]
Summary
Bezoars are congregations or compact masses that formed by the accumulation of matter, especially nonedible materials, including high-fiber vegetable diet, hair, and certain pharmaceutical agents. They are found more frequently in the stomach in patients with normal or abnormal gastric function or in patients with poor gastric peristalsis resulting in delayed gastric draining and other associated disorders [1, 2]. The most common clinical presenting symptoms in patients with gastric bezoars include nausea and vomiting, epigastric pain, dyspepsia, and weight loss [1, 3] They can be discovered accidentally in asymptomatic patients who undergo upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic evaluation for other indications. The partially digested and undigested materials accompanied by gastric mucus can be a source of gastric bezoar
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