Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Background The most common, nonrenal, chronic disorders in patients with end-stage renal disease are gastrointestinal disorders, necessitating the need to understand the accompanying gastrointestinal disorders. End-stage renal disease includes such as those receiving renal replacement therapy. Some gastrointestinal conditions are due to uremia or due to the effects of renal replacement therapy or underlying disease or medications. Aim This study aimed to detect upper endoscopic findings in patients with chronic kidney disease. Patients and methods Thirty patients with end-stage renal disease complaining of gastrointestinal manifestation were recruited from the Internal Medicine Department of Tanta University Hospital in the period from October 2014 to March 2015. All patients in this study were subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after routine laboratory and radiological evaluation. Results Most patients had upper gastrointestinal bleeding [24 (80%) patients]. Reflux esophagitis was detected in five (16.7%) patients, esophageal erosion in two (6.7%) patients, esophageal ulcer in three (10%) patients, pyloric ulcer in five (16.7%) patients, antral gastritis in 11 (36.7%) patients, gastric ulcer in seven (23.3%) patients, duodenitis in 13 (43.3%) patients, duodenal ulcer in 11 (36.7%) patients. The duodenum was the most common site of lesion with duodenal lesion detected in 24 (80%) patients. Conclusion Gastrointestinal affection is common in patients with chronic kidney disease, with upper gastrointestinal bleeding detected as the most common presenting symptom, duodenum as the most commonly affected site, and duodenitis was the most commonly detected lesion.