Abstract
Based on the previous failure mechanism, the face stability of shallow circular tunnels is investigated using the upper bound theorem of limit analysis in conjunction with the nonlinear failure criterion. By using generalized tangential technique, the nonlinear failure criterion is introduced to optimize the retaining pressure of tunnel face. The optimum value of retaining pressure of tunnel face is obtained by employing nonlinear programming which is characterized by two variables with constraint. In order to evaluate the validity of the numerical results, the optimum solutions of this paper are compared with the value of retaining pressure calculated by linear failure criterion. The agreements indicate the proposed method is effective. The numerical results show that the nonlinear failure criterion has an important influence on the retaining pressure of tunnel face.
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