Abstract
AbstractThe stability of 2D elliptical tunnels in cohesive-frictional soils are studied by using upper bound approach of limit analysis based on smoothed finite element method (SFEM) and node-based strain smoothing techniques (NS-FEM). According to the upper bound theorem of limit analysis, the stability of tunnels will be expressed as a second order cone programming (SOCP) problem following the Mohr-Coulomb (for 2D) yield criterion and the associated flow rule. This convex programming can be solved in fast and robust way by primal-dual interior point algorithm. In order to analyze the effectiveness of NS-FEM-based upper bound approach for the elliptical tunnel stability, especially to overcome the performance of volumetric locking under incompressible condition, several typical numerical tunnel models are established and analyzed. From the numerical results, failure mechanism of the elliptical tunnels can be revealed without the volumetric locking problem.KeywordsTunnel stabilityUpper bound limit analysisNode-based smoothed finite elementSOCP
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