Abstract
Steam-CO2 reforming of biomass derived synthesis gas (bio-syngas) was investigated with regard to the steam concentration in the feed using Rh-loaded alumina foam monolith catalysts, which was also accompanied by thermodynamic equilibrium calculation. With 40 vol % steam addition, steam methane reforming and water gas shift reaction were prevailed at the temperature below 640 °C, above which methane dry reforming and reverse-water gas shift reaction were intensified. Substantial change of activation energy based on the methane conversion was observed at 640 °C, where the reaction seemed to be shifted from the kinetic controlled region to the mass transfer controlled region. At the reduced steam of 20 vol %, the increase in the gas velocity led to the increase in the contribution of steam reforming. Comparing to the absence of steam, the addition of steam (40 vol %) resulted in the increase in the production of H2 and CO2, which in turn increased the H2/CO ratio by 95% and decreased the CO/CO2 ratio by 60%. Rh-loaded alumina monolith was revealed to have a good stability in upgrading of the raw bio-syngas.
Highlights
Rh/Alumina Monolith Catalysts.High dependence of energy supply on fossil fuels is leading the world to critical challenges like the issues associated with greenhouse gas emission and the depletion of an energy source [1,2]
Methane and carbon dioxide decreased with temperature, in which methane was almost completely converted at the temperature higher than 800 ◦ C
This study investigated the influence of steam addition on the reforming of biosyngas using Rh-loaded alumina foam monolith catalysts, with which was compared with thermodynamic equilibrium simulation
Summary
High dependence of energy supply on fossil fuels is leading the world to critical challenges like the issues associated with greenhouse gas emission and the depletion of an energy source [1,2]. According to the recent report from International Energy Agency (IEA) [3], carbon emission has increased by 1.5% in 2018 to a record high of 33.1 billion tonnes, where fossil fuel still accounts for 70% of the rise. This occurs despite renewable energy from solar and wind increases a double-digit growth. Together with other thermochemical routes of biomass conversion such as pyrolysis and liquefaction, the gasification of biomass has been studied intensively [8]
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