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Abstract
Biological experiments involving isolated organs and tissues demand precise temperature monitoring and regulation. An automatic temperature control system was proposed and optimised on real isolated swine hearts and the prototype is described in this work. The traditional Langendorff apparatus consists of a heart holder, a reservoir of perfusion solution flowing to aortic cannula and a heating bath allowing passive heat transfer to the reservoir of perfusion solution. The commercial infrared camera FLIR T62101 was added to this basic set-up and used for very precise monitoring of the temperature kinetic of the organ and connected with an electronic feedback loop, which allowed real-time and precise regulation of heat transfer from the heating bath to the perfusion solution and in turn indirectly to the heart tissue. This provides real time control and active regulation of the myocardial tissue temperature. The infrared camera was tested in several modes and several variants of detection were optimised for ideal measurement of the region of interest of the ex vivo organ. The kinetics of the temperature changes and temperature stability of the tissue were recorded and calibrated by external electronic thermometers (type Pt100, inserted in tissue). The time lapse from the hang-up of the hypo termed organ (30 °C) until optimal warming (37 °C) was less than eight minutes in the final instrument prototype. The final stability of the 37 °C tissue temperature was approved; the temperature fluctuation of left ventricle tissue was characterised as 36.8 ± 0.5 °C. This upgraded traditional instrument could be used in specific preclinical and clinical transplantation and analytical projects in future.
Highlights
The use of an isolated beating heart has, over many decades, resulted in fundamental discoveries that improved an understanding of the heart’s physiology and cardiovascular medicine [1]
The perfused heart is used for the extraction of single living cardiomyocytes from a specific site of the heart muscle or isolation of tissue entities, which are being considered by many biomedical teams [3, 4]
We present a technological concept involving adding thermosensors to the traditional Langendorff apparatus
Summary
The use of an isolated beating heart has, over many decades, resulted in fundamental discoveries that improved an understanding of the heart’s physiology and cardiovascular medicine [1]. A retrograde-perfused heart is a method that was improved by Langendorff at the end of the 19th century [2]. This method (scheme on Fig. 1) is based on the perfusion buffer flowing retrogradely down the ascending aorta. The aortic valve is closed under pressure, and the coronary arteries are filled via the left and right coronary ostia (Fig. 1)
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