Update on pediatric photosensitivity disorders

Abstract

Although rare in the pediatric population, photosensitive dermatoses may begin prior to adulthood. The causes of photosensitivity are diverse, ranging from primary, immunologically mediated disorders of photosensitivity to inherited genetic or metabolic disorders. This review will highlight the key features of these disorders to familiarize the pediatric practitioner with their symptoms and any associated extracutaneous clinical or laboratory findings that may accompany them. New developments in the field of pediatric photosensitivity have been scant over recent years. While mechanisms of photosensitivity and genetic underpinnings associated with various conditions such as xeroderma pigmentosum continue to be uncovered, the literature on disorders of photosensitivity has been otherwise without many recent significant advances. Although the differential diagnosis of pediatric photosensitivity disorders is broad, it is often possible to establish the diagnosis by following an algorithmic approach. Once the correct diagnosis is rendered, this will guide any further workup that needs to be performed as well as specific management strategies.