Abstract
The Langerhans cells (LC) are the bone marrow-derived dendritic, antigen-presenting cells of the skin and oral mucosa. These are characterized by a unique intra cytoplasmic organelle - the Birbeck granule and constitutively expresses class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and the Cluster differentiation Ia (CD1a) glycoprotein. The LC represents one of the most potent APC of the body and fulfills an important role in detecting foreign antigen entering the body through the skin and in immune surveillance. The distribution of LC is restricted to the skin, lymph nodes, bronchial mucosa, and thymus. This paper reviews the classification, origin, and the role of the LC in various pathological conditions.
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