Abstract
Generally, laboratory testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is done for three reasons: for individual diagnosis and clinical management; to ensure the safety of blood or tissue products; and for public health surveillance. Many HIV-infected patients are unaware of their infections. The early diagnosis of infection is critical for medical and public health reasons. Its diagnosis is a two-step process that requires the sequential use of a highly sensitive screening test, followed by a highly specific confirmatory test. HIV-testing technology continues to evolve, with various tests currently available. This article reviews the current status of and recent advances in HIV testing. (Korean J Med 2016;90:469-473)
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