Upconversion processes in Nd 3+-doped fluoroarsenate glasses

Abstract

In this work we have studied the infrared to visible upconversion luminescence of Nd 3+-doped fluoroarsenate glasses with different neodymium concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mol%) under continuous wave and pulsed laser excitation. Green, orange, and red emissions are observed with excitation at 802 and 874 nm within the 4F 5/2 and 4F 3/2 levels. In addition, a weak blue emission appears under continuous wave (cw) laser excitation which under pulsed laser excitation only occurs for the most concentrated sample at 77 K. The green, orange, and red emissions can be attributed to transitions from the 4G 7/2 excited state. The pump power dependencies of these upconverted emissions together with the shape of the upconverted excitation spectra which are similar to the one-photon absorption spectrum and the temporal behavior of the decays, indicate that an ETU process seems to be responsible for the observed visible luminescence, though other possible mechanisms cannot be disregarded.