Abstract
Upconversion (UC) emission tuning from green to red in monodisperseNaYF4:Yb3+/Ho3+ nanocrystals was successfully achieved by tridoping withCe3+ ions under diode laser excitation of 970 nm. It is proposed that two efficient cross-relaxationprocesses, and between Ho3+ and Ce3+ ions, have been employed to select UC pathways to tune the UC radiation. Theoreticalinvestigations based on steady-state equations demonstrate the proposed UC mechanisms andexplain well the observed linear increase of the UC red-to-green intensity ratio with the incrementof Ce3+ ion concentrations.
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