Up-conversion luminescence of Er(Yb)-CeO 2 : Status and new results

Abstract

Abstract We investigate the down- and up-conversion properties of Er (0.3, 1 and 3%)-CeO2 and Er(1%)Yb(20%)-CeO2 nanoparticles by use of ns pulsed monochromatic excitation. The emission spectra were recorded in the visible to near-infrared range (500–1100 nm) under ultraviolet, visible (490 and 650 nm) and near-infrared (790, 971/977 and 1470 nm) up-conversion excitations as well as X-ray excitation. The structural properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman, Diffuse Reflectance UV/Vis and Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopies. The role of CeO2 charge transfer band as a level selective antenna sensitizer, the dopant induced oxygen vacancies and the effect of Er concentration on the overall emission properties are highlighted. The mechanisms involved in the up-conversion emission in Er-CeO2 and Er,Yb-CeO2 are analysed in terms of up-conversion excitation spectra, up-conversion emission decays and evolution of the red to green emission ratio with Er concentration and delay after the laser pulse. Our findings are also discussed in the context of a comprehensive literature survey regarding the actual stage of research on the luminescence of Er and Er,Yb doped CeO2 and their possible applications.