Up- and down-quark contributions to the nucleon electromagnetic form factors at low Q2

Abstract

The spatial distribution of charge and magnetization within the nucleon (proton and neutron) is encoded in the elastic electromagnetic form factors and . These form factors have been precisely measured utilizing elastic electron scattering, and the combination of proton and neutron form factors allows for the separation of the up- and down-quark contributions to the nucleon form factors. We expand on our original analyses and extract the up- and down-quark contributions to the nucleon electromagnetic form factors from worldwide data with an emphasis on precise new data covering the low-momentum region, which is sensitive to the large-scale structure of the nucleon. From these, we construct the flavor-separated Dirac and Pauli form factors and their ratios, and compare the results to recent extractions and theoretical calculations and models.