Unveiling the Strains: A Qualitative Study on Work Stress among Health Care Aides in Assisted Living Facilities

Abstract

Introduction: Health Care Aides (HCAs) are the primary caregivers for older adults in assisted living facilities (ALFs). However, they often experience work stress, which can affect their health and performance. The aim of this study was to explore the sources, impacts, and coping strategies of work stress among HCAs in ALFs. Methods: This was a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study. Fourteen HCAs working in ALFs were recruited through purposive sampling. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted, and audio recorded. The data were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The study reveals HCAs’ experiences of work stress in ALFs. Stressors include high workloads, time pressure, lack of support, and emotional demands. Stress negatively affects HCAs’ health and personal lives. Coping strategies include seeking support, self-care, and finding meaning in work. Main themes are stress definition, contributing factors, consequences, and coping mechanisms. The study also identifies HCAs’ ideal workplace. Conclusion: This study offers valuable insights into the perception and coping of work stress among HCAs in ALFs. The themes and findings enhance the understanding of the challenges and coping mechanisms of HCAs. The results can help employers and service providers to identify stressors in the workplace and implement interventions to reduce work stress. Improving working conditions and supporting the well-being of HCAs will ultimately improve the quality of care provided to residents in ALFs. Recommendations: Future research on HCAs should delve deeper into their work stress experiences, exploring coping mechanisms and extending theories to a broader population. National-level studies are recommended to address the limited knowledge about HCAs in Canada, focusing on demographics, violence prevention, and support strategies.