Unveiling the microbial symphony: Next-Gen sequencing and bioinformatics insights into the human gut microbiome

Abstract

Hundreds of bacteria, viruses, eukaryotes, and archaea comprise the human intestinal microbiota, which constitutes a complex ecology. Recent years have established the significance of the gastrointestinal microbiome in the study of biological microorganisms. Diverse techniques for cultural extraction and analysis make it difficult to cultivate intestinal gut bacteria species. To determine the causative microorganism, it is necessary to investigate microbes and bacteria. Novel and efficacious remedies for illnesses are required. Bioinformatics and next-generation sequencing can assist in the analysis of enormous quantities of sequenced data for bacterial investigations, thereby expanding sequencing. However, advancements in sequencing technology have broadened the scope of bioinformatics identification and analysis. With next-generation sequencing techniques such as metagenomic, 16S rRNA, and meta-transcriptomic sequencing, experimental data regarding the immunological response of the intestinal gut microbiome to genetic manipulation seems to be helpful in identifying the diseases. Despite significant progress over the past two decades, there is still a lack of understanding about the ecology of diseases and treatments. The present review highlights how microbial gene sequencing and analysis of sequencing information can help manage human gut issues.