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Abstract
We report a study in which the effect of defects/impurities, growth process, off-stoichiometry and presence of impurity phases on the superconducting properties of noncentrosymmetric CePt3Si is analysed by means of the temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth. We found that the linear low-temperature response of the penetration depth—indicative of line nodes in this material—is robust regarding sample quality, in contrast to what is observed in unconventional centrosymmetric superconductors with line nodes. We discuss evidence suggesting that the broadness of the superconducting transition may be intrinsic, though not implying the existence of a second superconducting transition. The superconducting transition temperature systematically occurs at about 0.75 K in our measurements, in agreement with resistivity and ac magnetic susceptibility data but in conflict with specific heat, thermal conductivity and NMR data in which Tc is about 0.5 K. Random defects do not change the linear low-temperature dependence of the penetration depth in the heavy-fermion CePt3Si with line nodes, as they do in unconventional centrosymmetric superconductors with line nodes.
Highlights
The superconducting BCS ground state is formed by Cooper pairs with zero total angular momentum
In order to shed light on all these issues we studied the temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth of CePt3Si single crystals in terms of structural defects, impurities and off-stoichiometry
Single crystals A-1 and B-1 had secondary impurity phases which are seen as dark spots in the backscattered electron images of typical sectional areas display in figures 1(a) and 2(a)
Summary
The superconducting BCS ground state is formed by Cooper pairs with zero total angular momentum. The electronic states are four-fold degenerate: |k ↑ , | − k ↑ , |k ↓ , and | − k ↓ have the same energy ǫ(k). The states with opposite momenta and opposite spins are transformed to one another under time reversal operation K |k ↑ = | − k ↓ , and states with opposite momenta are transformed to one another under inversion operation I|k ↓ = |−k ↓. The four degenerate states are a consequence of space and time inversion symmetries. Parity symmetry is irrelevant for spin-singlet pairing, but is essential for spin-triplet pairing. Time reversal symmetry is required for spin-singlet configuration, but is unimportant for spin-triplet state [1, 2]
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