Untersuchungen zur Anfälligkeit und Resistenz von Kopfsalat (Lactuca sativa) gegen falschen Mehltau (Bremia lactucae) III. Peroxydase‐, peroxydatische Katalase‐und Polyphenoloxydase‐Aktivitäten

Abstract

Abstract Investigations on the susceptibility of head lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) III. Activities of peroxidase, catalase and polyphenoloxidase Host cell walls in contact with intercellular hyphae of Bremia lactucae stain electron positively in susceptible and incompletely resistant varieties of lettuce after appropriate electron microscopy preparation for peroxidase activity. The outer membranes of the mitochondria of the parasite also stained darkly in susceptible varieties whereas in incompletely resistant plants Bremia innermost mitochondrial membranes and host cell mitochondria were darkly stained. This latter observation suggests increased respiration and could be explained as a resistance reaction. Catalase activity was observed in the microbodies of susceptible, in incompletely resistant and healthy varieties. There were no differences in stain intensity in the three kinds of varieties suggesting that catalase activity is not involved in resistance reactions.Polyphenoloxidase activity was infrequently observed on the host cell wall in susceptible and healthy plants, whereas strong activity in incompletely resistant varieties was observed in vesicles in the haustorial sheath. These vesicles were not surrounded by unit membranes and therefore could not have originated from the unit membranes of the extrahaustorial matrix or from the host plasmalemma. They may have been derived from the host protoplast and involved in inactivation of parasite produced toxins thereby contributing to resistance.