Abstract
The marine environment is an underexplored treasure that hosts huge biodiversity of microorganisms. Marine-derived fungi are a rich source of novel metabolites with unique structural features, bioactivities, and biotechnological applications. Marine-associated Cladosporium species have attracted considerable interest because of their ability to produce a wide array of metabolites, including alkaloids, macrolides, diketopiperazines, pyrones, tetralones, sterols, phenolics, terpenes, lactones, and tetramic acid derivatives that possess versatile bioactivities. Moreover, they produce diverse enzymes with biotechnological and industrial relevance. This review gives an overview on the Cladosporium species derived from marine habitats, including their metabolites and bioactivities, as well as the industrial and biotechnological potential of these species. In the current review, 286 compounds have been listed based on the reported data from 1998 until July 2021. Moreover, more than 175 references have been cited.
Highlights
The marine environment covers approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface and represents an enormous pool of biodiversity resources [1,2,3]
They are acknowledged as a rich source of novel metabolites with unique structural features, bioactivities, and biotechnological applications that attracted the attention of many biologists and chemists [16]
Numerous structurally diverse biometabolites are discovered from marine-derived fungi that represent a rich library for the development of drug lead
Summary
The marine environment covers approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface and represents an enormous pool of biodiversity resources [1,2,3]. Marine-associated Cladosporium species have attracted considerable interest because of their ability to produce a wide array of metabolites, including macrolides, pyrones, phenolics, alkaloids, diketopiperazines, terpenes, sterols, quinones, lactones, and tetramic acid derivatives. These metabolites possess versatile bioactivities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, insecticidal, antifouling, anti-malarial, anti-hyperlipidemic, and α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibiton [36,37,38,39,40,41,42]. The present data were collected through the search on the various databases, including Web of Knowledge, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, Taylor & Francis, Wiley Online Library, PubMed, JACS, Springer, and Google Scholar
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