Unsteady gravity-driven slender rivulets of a power-law fluid

Abstract

Unsteady gravity-driven flow of a thin slender rivulet of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid on a plane inclined at an angle α to the horizontal is considered. Unsteady similarity solutions are obtained for both converging sessile rivulets (when 0 < α < π/2) in the case x < 0 with t < 0, and diverging pendent rivulets (when π/2 < α < π) in the case x > 0 with t > 0, where x denotes a coordinate measured down the plane and t denotes time. Numerical and asymptotic methods are used to show that for each value of the power-law index N there are two physically realisable solutions, with cross-sectional profiles that are ‘single-humped’ and ‘double-humped’, respectively. Each solution predicts that at any time t the rivulet widens or narrows according to | x | (2 N+1)/2( N+1) and thickens or thins according to | x | N/( N+1) as it flows down the plane; moreover, at any station x, it widens or narrows according to | t | − N/2( N+1) and thickens or thins according to | t | − N/( N+1) . The length of a truncated rivulet of fixed volume is found to behave according to | t | N/(2 N+1) .