Abstract
A fully automated flow system for on-line monitoring of analytes/parameters of interest in aquaculture is described. The approach has been optimized for the photometric determination of nitrite and ammonia and the continuous monitoring of pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen, but these analytes/parameters are readily changeable as required. The system has been tested by monitoring these species in the input and output sea water streams of tanks at a fish breeding farm and also by monitoring water containing high concentrations of fish feed.
Highlights
Among the main targets of today’s analytical chemistry are on-line monitoring and multideterminations because th demand tbr this type of measurement in the industrial and biotechnological fields is growing very rapidly
Continuous unsegmented flow techniques are clearly very useful in on-line monitoring and multideterminations, and a large number of applications have been reported in the last few years [1]
The methods proposed are based on the tbllowing principles: The on-line monitoring of sample properties such as conductivity, and direct measurements of pH and dissCved oxygen by placing the flow-cells/sensors suitable tbr each parameter in series in an output stream, which can be optionally returned to the overall system after monitoring
Summary
Among the main targets of today’s analytical chemistry are on-line monitoring and multideterminations because th demand tbr this type of measurement in the industrial and biotechnological fields is growing very rapidly. The methods proposed are based on the tbllowing principles: The on-line monitoring of sample properties such as conductivity, and direct measurements of pH and dissCved oxygen by placing the flow-cells/sensors suitable tbr each parameter in series in an output stream, which can be optionally returned to the overall system after monitoring. 2 The on-line determination of nitrogen compounds, nitrite and ammonia, based on conventional photometric reactions and on the use of a specialized unsegmented flow single-channel manifold, the key component of which is a programmable switching valve which allows sequential selection of sample and the reagents required to implement given determinations.
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