Unsafe abortions in countries that restrict legal abortions. Epidemiologic, clinical, and prognostic aspects at the University Hospital Center Yalgado-Ouédraogo of Ouagadougou

Abstract

to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, and prognostic aspects of the management of the complications of women who had unsafe (illegal) abortions. this prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study took place the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center (UHC-YO) in Ouagadougou during the 12-month period from June 2012 to May 2013. The study included all women admitted to the obstetrics-gynecology department during the study period and diagnosed after clinical examination with complications of an unsafe abortion. Data were collected with standardized case report forms. The analysis was conducted with Epi Info 3.5.1 software and Student's, Fisher's, and Pearson's Chi-square tests to compare the data. The threshold for statistical significance was set at 5%. during the study period, 111 women were admitted for complications of unsafe abortions, for a rate of 1 per 47 deliveries. The women's mean age was 23.6 years and ranged from 15 to 45 years. More than half the women (n=62, 55%) were pregnant for the first time. Hemorrhage was the primary reason for admission: 78 women, or 75%. Only 18 women (16%) admitted to having had an illegal intentional abortions. Complications included endometritis in 10 women (11%), anemia in 6 (5%), and hepatonephritis, also in 6 (5%). Six women died, for a mortality rate of 24%. the epidemiologic profile of women with complications from unsafe abortions is that of a young women pregnant for the first time, who has no income-producing activity. Morbidity is dominated by infectious or hemorrhagic complications and mortality is high. Strengthening activities for prevention, health and sex education, and dissemination of knowledge of and access to contraceptive methods will help to reduce these abortions and their consequences.